永續森林經營發生的二三事...PEFC 森林經營準則的實務整備(C 8.4 & I 8.4.1)。From the Concepts of Sustainable Forest Management to Reality: Practical Steps for PEFC Forest Management Criteria(C 8.4 & I 8.4.1).

EFC（Programme for the Endorsement of Forest Certification，森林驗證認可計畫）與FSC (Forest Stewardship Council，森林經營委員會)，同為全球兩大森林驗證系統。全球林業經營者，在追求森林的永續經營上，所採用的經營標準內容，有否差異呢?我們將瞭解PEFC的驗證框架之原則與準則內容，及如何準備PEFC驗證的要求，其他內容請參考https://sustainableforest.blogspot.com/。

8. Operation運營

8.4 Maintenance, conservation and appropriate enhancement of biological diversity in forest ecosystems.

8.4維護、保護和適當增強森林生態系統中的生物多樣性

8.4.1 Management planning shall aim to maintain, conserve or enhance biodiversity on landscape, ecosystem, species and genetic levels.

8.4.1 經營規劃應旨在維護、保護或增強景觀、生態系統、物種和基因層次的生物多樣性。

可能資料的整備：

       森林的生物多樣性不僅僅是物種的多樣性，還包括生態系統、基因等多個層級的多樣性。森林經營活動應以維持或增進生物多樣性為目標，而不是對其造成損害。除了關注單一森林的生物多樣性外，還應考慮整個森林景觀的生物多樣性。森林經營者要像保護珍貴的自然資產一樣，去維護和提升森林的生物多樣性。

因此組織應準備以下資料：

1.        提供生物多樣性調查報告，包括物種名錄、棲地類型、分布範圍等。

2.        針對重點保護物種和棲地制定詳細的保育計畫。

3.        森林經營計畫中應包含維護和增進生物多樣性的具體措施。

4.        建立與實施一套監測指標，用以評估生物多樣性的變化趨勢，作為調適經營的基礎。

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PEFC and FSC are the two biggest names in forest certification. So, what's the difference between these two systems? Are they asking forest managers to do completely different things to get certified? Let's dive into PEFC and see what it takes to get certified. For more information, please refer to https://sustainableforest.blogspot.com/.

8. Operation

8.4 Maintenance, conservation and appropriate enhancement of biological diversity in forest ecosystems.

8.4.1 Management planning shall aim to maintain, conserve or enhance biodiversity on landscape, ecosystem, species and genetic levels.

Preparation of possible information:

       The biodiversity of forests is not only the diversity of species, but also the diversity of ecosystems, genes and other levels. Forest management activities should aim at maintaining or enhancing biodiversity, not at harming it. In addition to focusing on the biodiversity of individual forests, the biodiversity of the entire forest landscape should be considered. Forest managers need to maintain and enhance the biodiversity of forests in the same way that they protect precious natural assets.

Therefore, the organization should prepare the following information:

1.        Provide a biodiversity survey report, including a list of species, habitat types, distribution ranges, etc.

2.        Develop detailed conservation plans for key protected species and habitats.

3.        Forest management plans should include specific measures to maintain and enhance biodiversity.

4.     Establish and implement a set of monitoring indicators to assess trends in biodiversity as a basis for adaptive management.