永續森林經營發生的二三事...PEFC 森林經營準則的實務整備(C 8.5 & I 8.5.4)。From the Concepts of Sustainable Forest Management to Reality: Practical Steps for PEFC Forest Management Criteria(C 8.5 & I 8.5.4).

PEFC（Programme for the Endorsement of Forest Certification，森林驗證認可計畫）與FSC (Forest Stewardship Council，森林經營委員會)，同為全球兩大森林驗證系統。全球林業經營者，在追求森林的永續經營上，所採用的經營標準內容，有否差異呢?我們將瞭解PEFC的驗證框架之原則與準則內容，及如何準備PEFC驗證的要求，其他內容請參考https://sustainableforest.blogspot.com/。

8. Operation運營

8.5 Maintenance or appropriate enhancement of protective functions in forest management (notably soil and water).

8.5森林經營中保護功能的維持或適當增強（特別是土壤和水）。

8.5.4 The special care shall be given to forestry operations in forest areas with water protection functions to avoid adverse effects on the quality and quantity of water resources. Inappropriate use of chemicals or other harmful substances or inappropriate silvicultural practices influencing water quality in a harmful way shall be avoided. Downstream water balance and water quality shall not be significantly affected by the operations.

8.5.4 應注意對具有水源保護功能的森林區域的林業操作，以避免對水資源的質量和數量造成不利影響。應避免不當使用化學品或其他有害物質或不當的森林經營做法對水質造成有害影響。林業操作不應顯著影響下游的水量平衡和水質。

可能資料的整備：

       在森林中具有水源保護功能的區域，應採取特別的措施，避免污染或減少水源。不得使用化學品或其他有害物質，以免污染水源。應選擇對水質影響較小的林業作業方式，所採取的經營作業活動不應對下游的水量和水質造成顯著的負面影響。

因此組織應準備以下資料：

1.         提供水源保護區地圖。

2.         提供針對水源保護區的林業作業規範，包括:禁止使用有害物質、限制伐木活動等。

3.         配合其他監管單位，例如:水利署、自來水公司，提供水質監測的數據和分析結果。

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PEFC and FSC are the two biggest names in forest certification. So, what's the difference between these two systems? Are they asking forest managers to do completely different things to get certified? Let's dive into PEFC and see what it takes to get certified. For more information, please refer to https://sustainableforest.blogspot.com/.

8. Operation

8.5 Maintenance or appropriate enhancement of protective functions in forest management (notably soil and water).

8.5.4 The special care shall be given to forestry operations in forest areas with water protection functions to avoid adverse effects on the quality and quantity of water resources. Inappropriate use of chemicals or other harmful substances or inappropriate silvicultural practices influencing water quality in a harmful way shall be avoided. Downstream water balance and water quality shall not be significantly affected by the operations.

Preparation of possible information:

       In areas of forests with water conservation functions, special measures should be taken to avoid pollution or reduce water sources. Do not use chemicals or other hazardous substances to avoid contaminating the water source. Forestry operations that have less impact on water quality should be selected, and the operation activities adopted should not have a significant negative impact on the quantity and quality of water downstream. Therefore, organizations should prepare the following data:

1.         A map of the water source protection zone is provided.

2.         Provide forestry practice measures for water source protection areas, including prohibiting the use of hazardous substances, restricting logging activities, etc.

3.    Cooperate with other regulatory authorities, such as the Water Resources Department and water companies, to provide data and analysis results of water quality monitoring (if necessary).