永續森林經營發生的二三事...FSC 森林經營準則的實務整備(C 6.9)From the Concepts of Sustainable Forest Management to Reality: Practical Steps for FSC Forest Management Criteria(C 6.9)

關於FSC FM的標準，其10項原則與70項準則，是屬全球性通用的。因此國、公、私有林經營者，在申請FSC FM驗證的預審或年審時，可以考慮以下資料來源的整備與其他因素，以備驗證。

Criterion 6.9. The Organization shall not convert Natural forest to plantations, nor Natural forests or plantations on sites directly converted from Natural forest to non-forest land use, except when the conversion:

a) Affects a very limited portion of the area of the Management unit, and b) Will produce clear, substantial, additional, secure long-term conservation benefits in the Management unit, and c) Does not damage or threaten High Conservation Values, nor any sites or resources necessary to maintain or enhance those High Conservation Values.

準則6.9. 組織不應將天然林變更為人工林，亦不可將天然林或直接變更後的人工林轉換為非林地使用，除非變更滿足下列條件：

a) 僅涉及森林經營單元內部分有限面積，及 b) 在森林經營單元內能產生明顯、重大、附加、長期穩定之自然保育效益，及 c) 對高保育價值及任何維繫或強化其所需土地及資源不會造成破壞或威脅。 

可能資料來源的整備：

1.        組織提供相關文件，例如: 近期林地開發案、造林台帳。

2.        現地訪查，沒有變更事證。

3.        組織訪談的人員:組織業辦人員及社區成員等。 

重點稽核項目	說明
天然林轉化面積	轉化面積是否佔經營單元面積的極小部分？
轉化效益	轉化是否會產生明確、重大、額外的、安全的長期保育效益？
高保育價值的保護	轉化是否會損害或威脅高保育價值？

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Regarding the FSC FM standards, its 10 principles and 70 guidelines are universal. Therefore, state, public and private forest operators, when applying for pre-review or annual review of FSC FM verification, can consider the preparation of the following data sources and other factors to prepare for verification.

Criterion 6.9. The Organization shall not convert Natural Forest to plantations, nor Natural forests or plantations on sites directly converted from Natural Forest to non-forest land use, except when the conversion:

a) Affects a very limited portion of the area of ​​the Management unit, and

b) Will produce clear, substantial, additional, secure long-term conservation benefits in the Management unit, and

c) Does not damage or threaten High Conservation Values, nor any sites or resources necessary to maintain or enhance those High Conservation Values.

Preparation of possible data sources:

1. Organization provides relevant documents, such as: recent forest land development projects and afforestation ledgers.

2. On-site inspection, no evidence of change was found.

3. Types of people to be interviewed: organization office personnel and community members, etc.

Key  items	Illustrate
Natural forest conversion area	Does the converted area represent a very small portion of the operating unit area?
Conversion benefits	Will the conversion produce clear, significant, additional, safe, long-term conservation benefits?
Protection of high conservation value	Will conversion damage or threaten high conservation values?