永續森林經營發生的二三事...PEFC 森林經營準則的實務整備(C 8.2 & I 8.2.1)。From the Concepts of Sustainable Forest Management to Reality: Practical Steps for PEFC Forest Management Criteria(C 8.2 & I 8.2.1).

PEFC（Programme for the Endorsement of Forest Certification，森林驗證認可計畫）與FSC (Forest Stewardship Council，森林經營委員會)，同為全球兩大森林驗證系統。全球林業經營者，在追求森林的永續經營上，所採用的經營標準內容，有否差異呢?我們將瞭解PEFC的驗證框架之原則與準則內容，及如何準備PEFC驗證的要求。

8. Operation運營

8.2 Maintenance of forest ecosystem health and vitality.

8.2維護森林生態系統的健康和活力

8.2.1 health and vitality of forest ecosystems shall be maintained or enhanced and degraded forest ecosystems shall be rehabilitated wherever and as far as economically feasible, by making best use of natural structures and processes and using preventive biological measures.

8.2.1應通過最佳利用自然結構和過程以及使用預防性生物措施，維持或增強森林生態系統的健康和活力，並在經濟上可行的範圍內修復退化的森林生態系統。

可能資料的整備：

       對於退化的森林系統，組織應在經濟可行的情況下進行復育，而且應盡可能利用自然的力量來恢復森林，例如:自然更新、生態工程等，同時採用預防性的生物措施來保護森林，例如生物防治、生態系統管理等。

因此組織應準備以下資料：

1.        提供監測計畫，用於監測森林的健康狀況，包括樹木生長、土壤品質、生物多樣性等。

2.       對於退化的森林，可以提供復育計畫，內容包括:復育目標、方法(含利用自然的力量來恢復森林)和預期效果。

3.       提供相關的預防生物措施，內容包括:如何預防和控制森林病蟲害。

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PEFC and FSC are the two biggest names in forest certification. So, what's the difference between these two systems? Are they asking forest managers to do completely different things to get certified? Let's dive into PEFC and see what it takes to get certified:

8. Operation

8.2 Maintenance of forest ecosystem health and vitality.

8.2.1 health and vitality of forest ecosystems shall be maintained or enhanced and degraded forest ecosystems shall be rehabilitated wherever and as far as economically feasible, by making best use of natural structures and processes and using preventive biological measures.

Preparation of possible information:

       For degraded forest systems, organizations should restore forests where economically feasible and use the forces of nature to restore forests as much as possible, such as natural regeneration, ecological engineering, etc., while adopting preventive biological measures to protect forests, such as biological control, ecosystem management, etc.

Therefore, organizations should prepare the following data:

1.        Provide monitoring plans to monitor the health of forests, including tree growth, soil quality, biodiversity, etc.

2.        For degraded forests, a restoration plan can be provided, including the restoration goals, methods (including harnessing the power of nature to restore the forest) and expected results.

3.    Provide relevant preventive biological measures, including how to prevent and control forest pests and diseases.