2024年10月30日 星期三

永續森林經營發生的二三事...PEFC 森林經營準則的實務整備(C 8.3 & I 8.3.5)。From the Concepts of Sustainable Forest Management to Reality: Practical Steps for PEFC Forest Management Criteria(C 8.3 & I 8.3.5).

PEFCProgramme for the Endorsement of Forest Certification,森林驗證認可計畫)與FSC (Forest Stewardship Council,森林經營委員會),同為全球兩大森林驗證系統。全球林業經營者,在追求森林的永續經營上,所採用的經營標準內容,有否差異呢?我們將瞭解PEFC的驗證框架之原則與準則內容,及如何準備PEFC驗證的要求,其他內容請參考https://sustainableforest.blogspot.com/

8. Operation運營

8.3 Maintenance and encouragement of productive functions of forests (wood and non-wood).

8.3維護和促進森林的生產功能(木材和非木材)

8.3.5 Adequate infrastructure such as roads, skid tracks or bridges shall be planned, established and maintained to ensure efficient delivery of goods and services while minimizing negative impacts on the environment.

8.3.5 應規劃、建立和維護適當的基礎設施,如道路、滑道或橋樑,以確保高效交付產品和服務,同時將對環境的負面影響降至最低。

可能資料的整備:

        森林內外的基礎設施,如道路、滑道等,於規劃、建設和維護基礎設施時,應採取措施考慮到運輸效率的提升,同時也要盡量減輕對土壤、水源、野生動物等負面影響。

因此組織應準備以下資料:

1.        提供詳基礎設施規劃圖,包括道路、滑道、橋樑等的位置、規格和建設時間表。

2.        提供基礎設施建設對環境的影響評估報告,並說明採取了哪些措施減輕負面影響。

3.        提供基礎設施的維護與監測紀錄,說明組織有定期維護保養與監測。

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PEFC and FSC are the two biggest names in forest certification. So, what's the difference between these two systems? Are they asking forest managers to do completely different things to get certified? Let's dive into PEFC and see what it takes to get certified. For more information, please refer to https://sustainableforest.blogspot.com/.

8. Operation

8.3 Maintenance and encouragement of productive functions of forests (wood and non-wood).

8.3.5 Adequate infrastructure such as roads, skid tracks or bridges shall be planned, established and maintained to ensure efficient delivery of goods and services while minimizing negative impacts on the environment.

Preparation of possible information:

        Infrastructure inside and outside forests, such as roads and slides, should be planned, constructed and maintained in a way that takes into account the improvement of transport efficiency and minimizes the negative impact on soil, water and wildlife.

Therefore, organizations should prepare the following data:

1.        Provide detailed infrastructure plans, including the location, specifications, and construction timelines of roads, slides, bridges, etc.

2.        Provide an assessment report on the environmental impact of infrastructure development and indicate what measures have been taken to mitigate the negative impacts.

3.     Provide records of the maintenance and monitoring of the infrastructure, indicating that the organization has regular maintenance and monitoring.

永續森林經營發生的二三事...PEFC 森林經營準則的實務整備(C 8.3 & I 8.3.4)。From the Concepts of Sustainable Forest Management to Reality: Practical Steps for PEFC Forest Management Criteria(C 8.3 & I 8.3.4).

PEFCProgramme for the Endorsement of Forest Certification,森林驗證認可計畫)與FSC (Forest Stewardship Council,森林經營委員會),同為全球兩大森林驗證系統。全球林業經營者,在追求森林的永續經營上,所採用的經營標準內容,有否差異呢?我們將瞭解PEFC的驗證框架之原則與準則內容,及如何準備PEFC驗證的要求,其他內容請參考https://sustainableforest.blogspot.com/

8. Operation運營

8.3 Maintenance and encouragement of productive functions of forests (wood and non-wood).

8.3維護和促進森林的生產功能(木材和非木材)

8.3.4 The harvesting levels of both wood and non-wood forest products shall not exceed a rate that can be sustained in the long term, and optimum use shall be made of the harvested products.

8.3.4 木材和非木材森林產品的採伐水平不應超過長期永續的速率,並應充分利用所採伐的產品。

可能資料的整備:

       採伐的數量和速度必須控制在森林能夠自我修復和持續生長的範圍內。採伐後的木材和非木材產品應盡可能地被利用,減少浪費,提高資源利用效率。因此組織應準備以下資料:

1.        提供經營計畫或採伐計畫,說明所規劃採伐的數量、地點、時間和方式。

2.        提供最新的森林資源調查報告,以評估森林的生長狀況和承載能力。

3.        提供所採伐產品的利用資訊,說明如何提高產品的利用率,減少廢棄物。

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PEFC and FSC are the two biggest names in forest certification. So, what's the difference between these two systems? Are they asking forest managers to do completely different things to get certified? Let's dive into PEFC and see what it takes to get certified. For more information, please refer to https://sustainableforest.blogspot.com/.

8. Operation

8.3 Maintenance and encouragement of productive functions of forests (wood and non-wood).

8.3.4 The harvesting levels of both wood and non-wood forest products shall not exceed a rate that can be sustained in the long term, and optimum use shall be made of the harvested products.

Preparation of possible information:

       The amount and rate of harvesting must be kept within the limits of the forest's ability to self-heal and sustainably grow. Harvested timber and non-timber products should be used as much as possible to reduce waste and improve resource efficiency.

Therefore, the organization should prepare the following data:

1.        Provide a management plan or harvesting plan that describes the amount, where, when, and how of the planned harvesting.

2.        Provide the latest forest resource survey report to assess the growth status and carrying capacity of the forest.

3.        Provide information on the utilization of harvested products and explain how to improve the utilization rate of products and reduce waste.

永續森林經營發生的二三事...PEFC 森林經營準則的實務整備(C 8.3 & I 8.3.3)。From the Concepts of Sustainable Forest Management to Reality: Practical Steps for PEFC Forest Management Criteria(C 8.3 & I 8.3.3).

PEFCProgramme for the Endorsement of Forest Certification,森林驗證認可計畫)與FSC (Forest Stewardship Council,森林經營委員會),同為全球兩大森林驗證系統。全球林業經營者,在追求森林的永續經營上,所採用的經營標準內容,有否差異呢?我們將瞭解PEFC的驗證框架之原則與準則內容,及如何準備PEFC驗證的要求,其他內容請參考https://sustainableforest.blogspot.com/

8. Operation運營

8.3 Maintenance and encouragement of productive functions of forests (wood and non-wood).

8.3維護和促進森林的生產功能(木材和非木材)

8.3.3 Management, harvesting and regeneration operations shall be carried out at a time, and in a way, that does not reduce the productive capacity of the site, for example by avoiding damage to soil and retained stands and trees.

8.3.3 管理、採伐和更新操作應在不降低場地生產能力的時間和方式進行,例如避免對土壤和保留樹木及林分造成損害。

可能資料的整備:

        森林經營、採伐和再生等作業應同時規劃並執行,以確保森林資源的永續利用。所有作業都應以不損害森林生產力的方式進行,例如土壤肥力下降、樹木生長緩慢等,確保森林能夠持續提供產品和服務。

因此組織應準備以下資料:

1.        森林經營計畫內,規劃各項作業的時序、方式和強度。

2.        提供土壤監測數據,以證明作業對土壤的影響。

3.        說明如何保護留存木,避免在作業過程中受到損害。

4.        提供復舊造林更新措施,確保森林能夠快速恢復。

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PEFC and FSC are the two biggest names in forest certification. So, what's the difference between these two systems? Are they asking forest managers to do completely different things to get certified? Let's dive into PEFC and see what it takes to get certified. For more information, please refer to https://sustainableforest.blogspot.com/.

8. Operation

8.3 Maintenance and encouragement of productive functions of forests (wood and non-wood).

8.3.3 Management, harvesting and regeneration operations shall be carried out at a time, and in a way, that does not reduce the productive capacity of the site, for example by avoiding damage to soil and retained stands and trees.

Preparation of possible information:

        Forest management, harvesting and regeneration should be planned and executed simultaneously to ensure the sustainable use of forest resources. All operations should be carried out in a manner that does not compromise forest productivity, such as declining soil fertility and slow tree growth, to ensure that forests can continue to provide goods and services.

Therefore, the organization should prepare the following information:

1.        Within the forest management plan, plan the timing, mode and intensity of each operation.

2.        Provide soil monitoring data to demonstrate the impact of operations on the soil.

3.        Explain how to protect the remaining timber from damage during the operation.

4.        Provide reforestation and regeneration measures to ensure that forests can recover quickly.

永續森林經營發生的二三事...PEFC 森林經營準則的實務整備(C 8.3 & I 8.3.2)。From the Concepts of Sustainable Forest Management to Reality: Practical Steps for PEFC Forest Management Criteria(C 8.3 & I 8.3.2).

PEFCProgramme for the Endorsement of Forest Certification,森林驗證認可計畫)與FSC (Forest Stewardship Council,森林經營委員會),同為全球兩大森林驗證系統。全球林業經營者,在追求森林的永續經營上,所採用的經營標準內容,有否差異呢?我們將瞭解PEFC的驗證框架之原則與準則內容,及如何準備PEFC驗證的要求,其他內容請參考https://sustainableforest.blogspot.com/

8. Operation運營

8.3 Maintenance and encouragement of productive functions of forests (wood and non-wood).

8.3維護和促進森林的生產功能(木材和非木材)

8.3.2 Sound economic performance shall be pursued, taking into account possibilities for new markets and economic activities in connection with all relevant goods and services of forests.

8.3.2 追求健全的經濟表現,考慮所有相關森林產品和服務的新市場和經濟活動可能性。

可能資料的整備:

       森林經營要兼顧經濟效益,並不斷尋找新的商機,以實現森林資源的永續利用。

因此組織應準備以下資料:

1.        提供財務報表,說明森林經營的經濟效益。

2.        提供組織收集分析或外部專家學者對森林產品和服務市場的研究分析報告,包括市場需求、競爭狀況、價格趨勢等。

3.        提出多元化經營計畫,說明如何開發新的市場和產品。

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PEFC and FSC are the two biggest names in forest certification. So, what's the difference between these two systems? Are they asking forest managers to do completely different things to get certified? Let's dive into PEFC and see what it takes to get certified. For more information, please refer to https://sustainableforest.blogspot.com/.

8. Operation

8.3 Maintenance and encouragement of productive functions of forests (wood and non-wood).

8.3.2 Sound economic performance shall be pursued, taking into account possibilities for new markets and economic activities in connection with all relevant goods and services of forests.

Preparation of possible information:

       Forest management should take into account economic benefits and constantly look for new business opportunities to achieve sustainable use of forest resources.

Therefore, the organization should prepare the following data:

1.        Provide financial statements that explain the economic benefits of forest management.

2.        Provide organizational collection and analysis or external experts and scholars on the forest products and services market, including market demand, competitive conditions, price trends, etc.

3.     Propose a diversification plan and explain how to develop new markets and products.

永續森林經營發生的二三事...PEFC 森林經營準則的實務整備(C 8.3 & I 8.3.1)。From the Concepts of Sustainable Forest Management to Reality: Practical Steps for PEFC Forest Management Criteria(C 8.3 & I 8.3.1).

PEFCProgramme for the Endorsement of Forest Certification,森林驗證認可計畫)與FSC (Forest Stewardship Council,森林經營委員會),同為全球兩大森林驗證系統。全球林業經營者,在追求森林的永續經營上,所採用的經營標準內容,有否差異呢?我們將瞭解PEFC的驗證框架之原則與準則內容,及如何準備PEFC驗證的要求。

8. Operation運營

8.3 Maintenance and encouragement of productive functions of forests (wood and non-wood).

8.3維護和促進森林的生產功能(木材和非木材)

8.3.1 The capability of forests to produce a range of wood and non-wood forest products and services on a sustainable basis shall be maintained.

8.3.1 維持森林生產各類木材和非木材產品及服務的能力,確保永續性。

可能資料的整備:

        森林不僅僅是木材的來源,還應提供多種非木材林產品,如藥用植物、食用菌、野生動物等,以及生態系統服務,如水源涵養、碳匯等。

因此組織應準備以下資料:

1.        提供森林經營計畫,明確規劃森林的生產目標、經營方式、以及如何平衡木材生產與生態保護。

2.        提供森林所生產的木材和非木材林產品及服務的清單,並說明其產量和利用方式。

3.        對森林提供的生態系統服務進行評估,如水源涵養、碳匯、生物多樣性保育、觀光、歷史遺跡、文化等。

4.        提供監測森林的健康狀況和生產力等項目的紀錄。

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PEFC and FSC are the two biggest names in forest certification. So, what's the difference between these two systems? Are they asking forest managers to do completely different things to get certified? Let's dive into PEFC and see what it takes to get certified:

8. Operation

8.3 Maintenance and encouragement of productive functions of forests (wood and non-wood).

8.3.1 The capability of forests to produce a range of wood and non-wood forest products and services on a sustainable basis shall be maintained.

Preparation of possible information:

        Forests are not only a source of timber, but should also provide a variety of non-timber forest products, such as medicinal plants, edible fungi, wildlife, etc., as well as ecosystem services, such as water conservation, carbon sequestration, etc.

Therefore, the organization should prepare the following information:

1.        Provide a forest management plan that clearly plans the production goals of the forest, how to manage it, and how to balance timber production and ecological protection.

2.        Provide a list of timber and non-timber forest products and services produced by forests, with an indication of their production and how they are used.

3.        Assess the ecosystem services provided by forests, such as water conservation, carbon sequestration, biodiversity conservation, tourism, historical sites, culture, etc.

4.        Provide the records of monitoring the health and productivity of forests.

2024年10月26日 星期六

永續森林經營發生的二三事...PEFC 森林經營準則的實務整備(C 8.2 & I 8.2.11)。From the Concepts of Sustainable Forest Management to Reality: Practical Steps for PEFC Forest Management Criteria(C 8.2 & I 8.2.11).

PEFCProgramme for the Endorsement of Forest Certification,森林驗證認可計畫)與FSC (Forest Stewardship Council,森林經營委員會),同為全球兩大森林驗證系統。全球林業經營者,在追求森林的永續經營上,所採用的經營標準內容,有否差異呢?我們將瞭解PEFC的驗證框架之原則與準則內容,及如何準備PEFC驗證的要求。

8. Operation運營

8.2 Maintenance of forest ecosystem health and vitality.

8.2維護森林生態系統的健康和活力

8.2.11 Where fertilizers are used, they shall be applied in a controlled manner and with due consideration for the environment. Fertilizer use shall not be an alternative to appropriate soil nutrient management.

8.2.11 如果使用肥料,應以控制的方式應用,並考慮環境因素。肥料的使用不應成為適當土壤養分管理的替代方案。

可能資料的整備:

       肥料的使用量必須適度,避免過量施肥造成環境污染,例如:對水源、土壤、空氣等環境的影響。肥料的使用應與土壤養分管理相結合,以達到最佳的生產效益和環境效益。

因此組織應準備以下資料:

1.        詳細記錄每次肥料使用的日期、肥料種類、使用劑量、施用面積等資訊。

2.        提供定期的土壤養分檢測報告,以確定土壤養分狀況,並根據檢測結果調整施肥方案。

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PEFC and FSC are the two biggest names in forest certification. So, what's the difference between these two systems? Are they asking forest managers to do completely different things to get certified? Let's dive into PEFC and see what it takes to get certified:

8. Operation

8.2 Maintenance of forest ecosystem health and vitality.

8.2.11 Where fertilizers are used, they shall be applied in a controlled manner and with due consideration for the environment. Fertilizer use shall not be an alternative to appropriate soil nutrient management.

Preparation of possible information:

       The amount of fertilizer must be used in moderation to avoid environmental pollution caused by excessive fertilization, such as the impact on the environment such as water, soil, and air. The use of fertilizers should be combined with soil nutrient management to achieve optimal production and environmental benefits.

Therefore, the organization should prepare the following information:

1.        Record in detail the date of each fertilizer use, the type of fertilizer, the dosage used, the area applied and other information.

2.        Provide regular soil nutrient test reports to determine soil nutrient status and adjust the fertilization program based on the test results.