2024年2月20日 星期二

永續森林經營發生的二三事...FSC 森林經營準則的實務整備(C 6.1)From the Concepts of Sustainable Forest Management to Reality: Practical Steps for FSC Forest Management Criteria(C 6.1)

關於FSC FM的標準,其10項原則與70項準則,是屬全球性通用的。因此國、公、私有林經營者,在申請FSC FM驗證的預審或年審時,可以考慮以下資料來源的整備與其他因素,以備驗證。

Criterion 6.1. The Organization shall assess environmental values in the Management unit and those values outside the Management unit potentially affected by management activities. This assessment shall be undertaken with a level of detail, scale and frequency that is proportionate to the scale, intensity and risk of management activities, and is sufficient for the purpose of deciding the necessary conservation measures, and for detecting and monitoring possible negative impacts of those activities.

一、可能資料來源的整備:

1.        組織提供環境價值評估報告,大綱內容,如下述三、FSC環境價值評估報告格式所示。

2.        組織的評估、保護及監測的方式,評估: 組織應制定環境價值評估程序,明確評估的內容、方法、時間安排等; 評估應以科學方法為基礎,並考慮當地社區的意見。保護: 組織應根據評估結果,制定環境價值保護措施; 保護措施應有效、可行,並與經營活動相適應。監測: 應定期進行,並記錄監測結果。

二、其他因素:

1.        FSC環境價值的定義:生態系統功能(包括:碳吸存和儲存)、生物多樣性(是指森林生態系統中存在的各種生物,包括植物、動物、微生物等)、水資源、土壤、大氣、景觀價值(包括文化和精神價值)

2.        組織應使用文獻分析、現場調查、專家諮詢和當地社區參與,進行識別、保護、與監測等方法。

三、FSC環境價值評估報告格式

壹、封面

·    報告名稱:;組織名稱:;報告編號:;發行日期:;評估人員

貳、目錄

參、  緒論

·     概述報告的目的、範圍和方法; 說明組織的概況和森林經營活動

肆、評估範圍

·     確定經營單位; 確定可能受經營活動影響的經營單位外部的環境價值

伍、環境價值識別

·     根據生物、物理環境和人文環境的定義,識別經營單位內外的環境價值

·     使用文獻分析、現場調查、專家諮詢和當地社區參與等方法進行識別

陸、環境價值重要性評估

·     依環境價值的稀缺性、敏感性等,以確定其對森林經營的影響程度的重要性

柒、保護措施

·     根據評估結果,制定有效、可行、與經營活動相適應之保護措施,以保護重要的環境價值

捌、監測計畫

·     制定監測計,內容包括:監測指標、方法、頻率,以評估保護措施的有效性

玖、結論

·     總結評估結果和保護措施; 提出改進建議

附錄

·     環境價值評估表、環境價值地圖、環境價值監測指標

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Regarding the standards of FSC FM, its 10 principles and 70 criteria are globally applicable. Therefore, when applying for FSC FM verification, whether in pre-assessment or annual assessment, national, public, and private forest managers may consider the following sources of information and other factors for preparation:

Criterion 6.1. The Organization shall assess environmental values in the Management unit and those values outside the Management unit potentially affected by management activities. This assessment shall be undertaken with a level of detail, scale and frequency that is proportionate to the scale, intensity and risk of management activities, and is sufficient for the purpose of deciding the necessary conservation measures, and for detecting and monitoring possible negative impacts of those activities.

Preparation of possible data sources:

1.         The organization provides an environmental value assessment report with an outline content as shown in the following Appendix. FSC Environmental Value Assessment Report Format.

2.         Methods of assessment, protection and monitoring of the organization, assessment: The organization should develop environmental value assessment procedures, clarifying the content, methodology, and timing of the assessment; The assessment should be based on a scientific methodology and take into account the views of local communities. Protection: Based on the results of the assessment, the organization should develop measures to protect environmental values; Protective measures should be effective, feasible and appropriate to business activities. Monitoring: This should be done on a regular basis, and the results of the monitoring should be recorded.

Other factors:

1.         Definition of FSC environmental value: ecosystem functions (including: carbon sequestration and storage), biodiversity (referring to various organisms existing in forest ecosystems, including plants, animals, microorganisms, etc.), water resources, soil, atmosphere, landscape value (including cultural and spiritual value).

2.         The organization should use literature analysis, on-site surveys, expert consultation, and local community participation for identification, protection, and monitoring.

Appendix: Format of FSC Environmental Values Assessment Report:

  1. Cover Page
    • Report Title; Organization Name; Report Number; Issue Date; Assessment Personnel
  2. Table of Contents
  3. Introduction
    • Overview of the report's purpose, scope, and methods; Description of the organization's profile and forest management activities
  4. Assessment Scope
    • Identification of the management unit; Identification of environmental values potentially affected by management activities outside the management unit
  5. Identification of Environmental Values
    • Identification of environmental values within and outside the management unit based on definitions of biological, physical, and human environments; Use of methods such as literature analysis, field surveys, expert consultations, and local community participation for identification
  6. Assessment of Environmental Value Importance
    • Assessment of the importance of environmental values in terms of scarcity, sensitivity, etc., to determine their impact on forest management
  7. Conservation Measures
    • Development of effective, feasible, and adaptive protection measures based on assessment results to protect important environmental values
  8. Monitoring Plan
    • Development of a monitoring plan including monitoring indicators, methods, and frequency to assess the effectiveness of protection measures
  9. Conclusion
    • Summary of assessment results and protection measures; Recommendations for improvement
  10. Appendices

  •   Environmental values assessment forms, environmental values maps, environmental values monitoring indicators.

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