永續森林經營發生的二三事...FSC 森林經營準則的實務整備(C 4.8)From the Concepts of Sustainable Forest Management to Reality: Practical Steps for FSC Forest Management Criteria(C 4.8)

關於FSC FM的標準，其10項原則與70項準則，是屬全球性通用的。因此國、公、私有林經營者，在申請FSC FM驗證的預審或年審時，可以考慮以下資料來源的整備與其他因素，以備驗證。

Criterion 4.8. The Organization shall uphold the right of local communities to protect and utilize their traditional knowledge and shall compensate local communities for the utilization of such knowledge and their intellectual property. A binding agreement as per Criterion 3.3 shall be concluded between The Organization and the local communities for such utilization through Free, Prior and Informed Consent before utilization takes place, and shall be consistent with the protection of intellectual property rights.

準則4.8. 組織應維護當地社區之權利，以保護與利用其傳統知識。當使用其知識及智慧財產權時，應給予當地社區補償。組織使用其知識前，依據準則3.3自願並事前知情同意，與當地社區達成具約束力協議，並符合智慧財產權之保護。 

一、可能資料來源的整備：

1.        收集政府或文獻，例如:當地社區傳統知識保護紀錄、知識產權登記等，以了解當地社區對傳統知識和知識產權的保護和利用情況。

2.        組織提供相關支持與保護所制訂的文件，例如:傳統知識保護政策、知識產權管理制度和其他法規。

3.        確保社區居民，了解組織對保護和利用當地社區傳統知識和知識產權的做法的知曉度和參與情況，以及他們對組織在該方面的看法。

二、其他因素：

1.        組織在保護和利用當地社區傳統知識和知識產權過程中的實際做法，例如:是否與當地社區進行充分溝通協商、是否尊重當地社區的文化傳統和習俗?

2.        組織提出合作計畫案，支持原住民族傳統知識保護和利用的研究，例如:「原住民族傳統知識數位典藏計畫」、「原住民族傳統知識產業發展計畫」等。

3.        協助原住民族傳統知識產品，透過媒體和宣導活動，提高民眾對原住民族傳統知識的認識和交易等。

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Regarding the standards of FSC FM, its 10 principles and 70 criteria are globally applicable. Therefore, when applying for FSC FM verification, whether in pre-assessment or annual assessment, national, public, and private forest managers may consider the following sources of information and other factors for preparation: 

Criterion 4.8. The Organization shall uphold the right of local communities to protect and utilize their traditional knowledge and shall compensate local communities for the utilization of such knowledge and their intellectual property. A binding agreement as per Criterion 3.3 shall be concluded between The Organization and the local communities for such utilization through Free, Prior and Informed Consent before utilization takes place, and shall be consistent with the protection of intellectual property rights.

 Possible sources of information:

1. Collecting government or documentary records, such as records of traditional knowledge protection in local communities, intellectual property registrations, etc., to understand the protection and utilization of traditional knowledge and intellectual property rights in local communities.
2. Providing documents related to the support and protection enacted by the organization, such as policies on traditional knowledge protection, intellectual property management systems, and other regulations.
3. Ensuring that community residents understand the organization's practices in protecting and utilizing traditional knowledge and intellectual property rights, as well as their involvement, and their views on the organization's practices in this regard.

Other factors:

1. The organization's actual practices in protecting and utilizing traditional knowledge and intellectual property rights in local communities, such as whether there is sufficient communication and negotiation with local communities, and whether local cultural traditions and customs are respected.
2. Proposing cooperative project plans to support research on the protection and utilization of indigenous traditional knowledge, such as the "Indigenous Traditional Knowledge Digital Archive Project" or the "Indigenous Traditional Knowledge Industry Development Project."
3. Assisting indigenous traditional knowledge products through media and advocacy activities to increase public awareness and transactions related to indigenous traditional knowledge.