有關永續的、可持續性的森林經營...

2024年10月4日星期五

永續森林經營發生的二三事...PEFC 森林經營準則的實務整備(C 7.3 & I 7.3.1)。From the Concepts of Sustainable Forest Management to Reality: Practical Steps for PEFC Forest Management Criteria(C 7.3 & I 7.3.1).

PEFC（Programme for the Endorsement of Forest Certification，森林驗證認可計畫）與FSC (Forest Stewardship Council，森林經營委員會)，同為全球兩大森林驗證系統。全球林業經營者，在追求森林的永續經營上，所採用的經營標準內容，有否差異呢?我們將瞭解PEFC的驗證框架之原則與準則內容，及如何準備PEFC驗證的要求。

7.3 Communication溝通

7.3.1 The effective communication and consultation with local communities, indigenous peoples and other stakeholders relating to sustainable forest management shall be provided.

7.3.1 與當地社區、原住民和其他利害關係人在永續森林經營方面進行有效的溝通和諮詢。

可能資料的整備：

組織應建立與當地社區、原住民和其他利害相關者之間的雙向溝通管道，且應主動提供相關的森林經營資訊，並聽取這些群體的意見和建議。在做出影響當地社區或原住民的決策時，應讓他們參與決策過程。

因此組織應準備以下資料：

1. 保留與當地社區、原住民和其他利害相關者會議或諮詢的紀錄，例如:社會/環境影響諮詢紀錄、開工說明會。

2. 並記錄當地社區、原住民和其他利害相關者提出的意見和建議做出回饋。

3. 提供證明組織在決策過程中，已考慮了當地社區、原住民和其他利害相關者的意見決策紀錄。

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

PEFC and FSC are the two biggest names in forest certification. So, what's the difference between these two systems? Are they asking forest managers to do completely different things to get certified? Let's dive into PEFC and see what it takes to get certified:

7.3 Communication溝通

7.3.1 The effective communication and consultation with local communities, indigenous peoples and other stakeholders relating to sustainable forest management shall be provided.

Preparation of possible information:

Organization should establish two-way communication channels with local communities, indigenous peoples and other stakeholders, and should proactively provide relevant information on forest management and listen to the views and suggestions of these groups. Involve local communities or indigenous peoples in the decision-making process when making decisions that affect them.

Therefore, the organization should prepare the following information:

1. Keep records of meetings or consultations with local communities, Indigenous peoples and other stakeholders, e.g., social/environmental impact consultations, briefings.

2. Recording the comments and suggestions made by local communities, indigenous peoples and other stakeholders to give feedback.

3. Provide evidence that the organization has taken into account the views of local communities, indigenous peoples and other stakeholders in the decision-making process.

永續森林經營發生的二三事...PEFC 森林經營準則的實務整備(C 7.2 & I 7.2.1)。From the Concepts of Sustainable Forest Management to Reality: Practical Steps for PEFC Forest Management Criteria(C 7.2 & I 7.2.1).

7.2 Competence能力

7.2.1 Forest managers, contractors, employees and forest owners shall be provided with sufficient information and kept up-to-date through continuous training in relation to sustainable forest management, as a precondition for all management planning and practices described in this benchmark.

7.2.1 森林經營者、承包商、員工和森林所有者應接受足夠的資訊，並通過持續教育訓練，保持最新狀態，以符合本國際基準所描述的所有經營規劃和實務的先決條件。

可能資料的整備：

組織應確保所有相關人員都能取得足夠的永續森林經營資訊。提供持續的教育訓練，以更新員工的知識，使其跟上永續森林經營的最新發展。教育訓練是進行任何森林經營規劃和實務的必要條件。

因此組織應準備以下資料：

1. 提供教育訓練計畫，包括教育訓練內容、頻率、對象等。

2. 提供教育訓練紀錄，包括:參與人員名單、教育訓練內容、日期等。

3. 建立有效的資訊傳遞管道，例如：定期會議、資訊看板、電子郵件、內部網站、教育訓練教材：例如經營手冊、法規規範、案例分享。

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

7.2 Competence

Preparation of possible information:

Organization should ensure that all stakeholders have access to adequate information on sustainable forest management. Provide continuous trainings to update the knowledge of employees and keep them up-to-date with the latest developments in sustainable forest management. Trainings are essential for any forest management planning and practice. Therefore, the organization should prepare the following data:

1. Provide an training plan, including the content, frequency, and target of trainings.

2. Provide training records, including: list of participants, content of trainings, date, etc.

3. Establish effective channels for information transmission, such as regular meetings, information billboards, e-mails, internal websites, education and training materials, such as management manual, laws and regulations, and case sharing

2024年10月1日星期二

永續森林經營發生的二三事...PEFC 森林經營準則的實務整備(C 7.1 & I 7.1.1)。From the Concepts of Sustainable Forest Management to Reality: Practical Steps for PEFC Forest Management Criteria(C 7.1 & I 7.1.1).

7. Support 支持

7.1 Resources資源

7.1.1 The organization shall determine and provide the resources needed for the establishment, implementation, maintenance and continual improvement of the sustainable forest management system.

7.1.1 組織應確定並提供所需的資源，以建立、實施、維護和持續改進永續森林經營系統。

可能資料的整備：

組織應確定並提供建立、實施、並維持永續森林經營系統充足的資源以及持續改進永續森林經營系統所需的資源。

因此組織應準備以下資料：

1. 提供一份資源規劃，包括：確定需要多少人，具備哪些技能的人力資源規劃。預算分配，資金來源的財務資源規劃。所需的設備、工具等的物資資源規劃。

2. 提供資源配置的相關紀錄，證明組織已將資源投入到森林經營系統中。

3. 提供內部審核報告，證明組織定期對森林經營系統進行評估，並採取改進措施。

4. 提供森林經營系統文件，包括：經營手冊、程序書文件、記錄表格。

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

7. Support

7.1 Resources

7.1.1 The organization shall determine and provide the resources needed for the establishment, implementation, maintenance and continual improvement of the sustainable forest management system.

Preparation of possible information:

The organization shall identify and provide adequate resources for the establishment, implementation and maintenance of sustainable forest management systems, as well as the resources required for continuous improvement of sustainable forest management systems. Therefore, the organization should prepare the following information:

1. Provide a resource plan, including a human resource plan to determine how many people are needed and what skills are available. Budget allocation, financial resource planning for funding sources. Planning of material resources such as equipment and tools required.

2. Provide records of resource allocation, demonstrating that the organization has invested resources into the forest management system.

3. Provide an internal audit report certifying that the organization regularly assesses the forest management system and takes measures to improve it.

4. Provide forest management system documents, including: management manuals, program documents, record forms.

永續森林經營發生的二三事...PEFC 森林經營準則的實務整備(C 6.3 & I 6.3.4 & S 6.3.4.1)。From the Concepts of Sustainable Forest Management to Reality: Practical Steps for PEFC Forest Management Criteria(C 6.3 & I 6.3.4 & S 6.3.4.1).

6.3 Compliance requirements符合性要求

6.3.4 Health, safety and working conditions健康、安全和工作條件

6.3.4.1 Forest operations shall be planned, organized and performed in a manner that enables health and accident risks to be identified and all reasonable measures to be applied to protect workers from work-related risks. Workers shall be informed about the risks involved with their work and about preventive measures.

6.3.4.1 森林作業應以能夠識別健康和事故風險並採取一切合理措施來保護工人免受與工作相關風險的方式進行計畫、組織和執行。工人應被告知其工作的風險以及預防措施。

可能資料的整備：

1. 組織應針對不同的作業類型，識別可能存在各種健康和安全風險，例如：高空作業風險、機械操作風險、化學品接觸風險、野外伐採、工程作業風險。

2. 組織應採取一切合理的措施，例如:提供符合標準的個人防護裝備，並確保員工正確使用以降低或消除這些風險。

3. 提供員工接受安全培訓的紀錄，包括: 新員工入職安全培訓、定期安全培訓、特殊作業安全培訓，讓員工能清楚了解工作中的風險，並告知他們如何預防事故。

4. 當有事故發生時，應對事故進行調查分析，以防止類似事故再次發生。

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

6.3 Compliance requirements

6.3.4 Health, safety and working conditions

Preparation of possible information:

1. Organizations should identify a variety of health and safety risks that may exist for different job types, such as: working at height risk, machinery operation risk, chemical exposure risk, field harvesting, engineering work risk.

2. Organizations should take reasonable steps, such as providing PPE that meets the standards and ensuring that employees use it correctly to reduce or eliminate these risks.

3. Provide training records, including: new employee induction safety training, regular safety training, and special operation safety training, so that employees can clearly understand the risks at work and inform them how to prevent accidents.

4. When an accident occurs, the accident should be investigated and analyzed to prevent similar accidents from happening again.

永續森林經營發生的二三事...PEFC 森林經營準則的實務整備(C 6.3 & I 6.3.3 & S 6.3.3.1)。From the Concepts of Sustainable Forest Management to Reality: Practical Steps for PEFC Forest Management Criteria(C 6.3 & I 6.3.3 & S 6.3.3.1).

6.3 Compliance requirements符合性要求

6.3.3 Fundamental ILO conventions基本國際勞工組織公約

6.3.3.1 Forest practices and operations shall comply with fundamental ILO conventions.

Note: Eight ILO conventions (ILO 29, 87, 98, 100, 105, 111, 138 and 182) identified by the ILO’s Governing Body as“fundamental” in terms of principles and rights at work: freedom of association and the effective recognition of the right to collective bargaining; the elimination of all forms of forced or compulsory labor; the effective abolition of child labour; and the elimination of discrimination in respect of employment and occupation.

6.3.3.1 森林實務和操作應遵守基本的國際勞工組織公約。

備註：在尚未批准基本公約且其內容未被適用法律涵蓋的國家，應在森林經營標準中包含具體要求。國際勞工組織理事會將國際勞工組織的八項公約（國際勞工組織第29條、第87條、第98條、第100條、第105條、第111條、第138條和第182條）確定為工作中的原則和權利的“基本”公約：結社自由和有效承認集體談判權;消除一切形式的強迫或強制勞動;有效廢除童工;消除就業和職業方面的歧視。

可能資料的整備：

組織的森林經營活動必須符合國際勞工組織所認定的八項核心勞動標準，且要確保員工享有結社自由、集體談判權、免於強迫勞動、禁止童工和消除就業歧視等基本權利。

因此組織應準備以下資料：

1. 組織提供證明遵守八項 ILO 核心公約的相關文件，例如：合約書、工資單、保險繳納證明、與工會商議或協議、職業安全健康管理程序文件。

2. 進行員工訪談與調查，了解員工對工作條件、薪資福利、工會活動等方面的滿意度。

3. 建立有效的投訴機制，讓員工能夠提出勞動條件方面的問題。

4. 提供員工有勞動法規和職業安全健康教育訓練的紀錄。

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

6.3 Compliance requirements

6.3.3 Fundamental ILO conventions

6.3.3.1 Forest practices and operations shall comply with fundamental ILO conventions.

Preparation of possible information:

The organization's forest management activities must comply with the eight core labour standards recognized by the International Labour Organization and ensure that employees have fundamental rights such as freedom of association, the right to collective bargaining, freedom from forced labour, prohibition of child labour, and the elimination of discrimination in employment.

Therefore, the organization should prepare the following data:

1. The organization provides relevant documents to prove compliance with the eight core ILO conventions, such as: contracts, pay stubs, proof of insurance contributions, negotiations or agreements with trade unions, and documents of occupational safety and health management procedures.

2. Implement employee interviews and surveys to understand employees' satisfaction with working conditions, salary and benefits, union activities, etc.

3. Establish an effective complaint mechanism to enable employees to raise concerns about working conditions.

4. Provide training records which are related to labor laws and regulations and occupational health and safety.

2024年9月29日星期日

永續森林經營發生的二三事...PEFC 森林經營準則的實務整備(C 6.3 & I 6.3.2 & S 6.3.2.3)。From the Concepts of Sustainable Forest Management to Reality: Practical Steps for PEFC Forest Management Criteria (C 6.3 & I 6.3.2 & S 6.3.2.3).

6.3 Compliance requirements符合性要求

6.3.2 Legal, customary and traditional rights related to the forest land. 與森林土地相關的法律、習慣和傳統權利。

6.3.2.3 Forest practices and operations shall respect human rights as defined by the Universal Declaration on Human Rights.

6.3.2.3 森林實務和操作應尊重《世界人權宣言》所定義的人權。

可能資料的整備：

所有參與森林經營的組織和個人在森林經營實踐和運營，應尊重所有人的基本人權，不論其身份、種族、性別或其他差異。森林經營活動必須符合《世界人權宣言》所規定的最低標準。

因此組織應準備以下資料：

1. 組織應制定一份明確的人權政策，闡述組織對人權的承諾，政策內容應包括:禁止歧視、保障勞工權益、尊重當地社區、保護環境等。

2. 評估森林經營活動對人權可能造成的潛在影響，並制定相應的預防措施。

3. 提供員工的人權教育訓練紀錄，確保員工了解並遵守人權原則。

4. 建立一個有效的投訴機制，讓員工和利害相關者能夠提出有關人權問題的申訴。

5. 如果發生侵犯人權事件，應有明確的糾正措施和責任追究機制。

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

6.3 Compliance requirements

6.3.2 Legal, customary and traditional rights related to the forest land.

6.3.2.3 Forest practices and operations shall respect human rights as defined by the Universal Declaration on Human Rights.

Preparation of possible information:

Organization and individuals involved in forest management shall respect the fundamental human rights of all people, regardless of their status, race, gender or other differences, in their forest management practices and operations. Forest management activities must comply with the minimum standards set out in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

Therefore, the organization should prepare the following information:

1. The organization should develop a clear human rights policy that outlines the organization's commitment to human rights, including the prohibition of discrimination, the protection of labor rights, respect for local communities, and the protection of the environment.

2. Assess the potential human rights impacts of forest management activities and develop preventive measures accordingly.

3. Provide employees with records of human rights education and training to ensure that employees understand and comply with human rights principles.

4. Establish an effective complaint mechanism for employees and stakeholders to raise complaints about human rights issues.

5. In the event of human rights violations, there should be clear corrective measures and accountability mechanisms.

訂閱：文章 (Atom)

2024年10月4日 星期五

永續森林經營發生的二三事...PEFC 森林經營準則的實務整備(C 7.3 & I 7.3.1)。From the Concepts of Sustainable Forest Management to Reality: Practical Steps for PEFC Forest Management Criteria(C 7.3 & I 7.3.1).

永續森林經營發生的二三事...PEFC 森林經營準則的實務整備(C 7.2 & I 7.2.1)。From the Concepts of Sustainable Forest Management to Reality: Practical Steps for PEFC Forest Management Criteria(C 7.2 & I 7.2.1).

2024年10月1日 星期二

永續森林經營發生的二三事...PEFC 森林經營準則的實務整備(C 7.1 & I 7.1.1)。From the Concepts of Sustainable Forest Management to Reality: Practical Steps for PEFC Forest Management Criteria(C 7.1 & I 7.1.1).

永續森林經營發生的二三事...PEFC 森林經營準則的實務整備(C 6.3 & I 6.3.4 & S 6.3.4.1)。From the Concepts of Sustainable Forest Management to Reality: Practical Steps for PEFC Forest Management Criteria(C 6.3 & I 6.3.4 & S 6.3.4.1).

永續森林經營發生的二三事...PEFC 森林經營準則的實務整備(C 6.3 & I 6.3.3 & S 6.3.3.1)。From the Concepts of Sustainable Forest Management to Reality: Practical Steps for PEFC Forest Management Criteria(C 6.3 & I 6.3.3 & S 6.3.3.1).

2024年9月29日 星期日

永續森林經營發生的二三事...PEFC 森林經營準則的實務整備(C 6.3 & I 6.3.2 & S 6.3.2.3)。From the Concepts of Sustainable Forest Management to Reality: Practical Steps for PEFC Forest Management Criteria (C 6.3 & I 6.3.2 & S 6.3.2.3).

2024年10月4日星期五

2024年10月1日星期二

2024年9月29日星期日