2024年9月8日 星期日

永續森林經營發生的二三事...PEFC 森林經營準則的實務整備(C 6.3 & I 6.3.2 & S 6.3.2.1)。From the Concepts of Sustainable Forest Management to Reality: Practical Steps for PEFC Forest Management Criteria (C 6.3 & I 6.3.2 & S 6.3.2.1).

PEFCProgramme for the Endorsement of Forest Certification,森林驗證認可計畫)與FSC (Forest Stewardship Council,森林經營委員會),同為全球兩大森林驗證系統。全球林業經營者,在追求森林的永續經營上,所採用的經營標準內容,有否差異呢?我們將瞭解PEFC的驗證框架之原則與準則內容,及如何準備PEFC驗證的要求。

6.3 Compliance requirements符合性要求

6.3.2 Legal, customary and traditional rights related to the forest land. 與森林土地相關的法律、習慣和傳統權利

6.3.2.1 The property rights, tree ownership and land tenure arrangements shall be clearly defined, documented and established for the relevant management unit. Likewise, legal, customary and traditional rights related to the forest land shall be clarified, recognized and respected.

Note: Guidance for the handling of tenure arrangements can be obtained from the FAO Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests in the Context of National Food Security.

6.3.2.1相關經營單位應財產權、樹木所有權和土地所有權的安排,清楚定義、文件化和建立。同樣地,與森林土地相關的法律、習慣和傳統權利應明確、承認和尊重。

註:有關土地所有權安排的處理指南,可參考FAO《負責任治理土地所有權、漁業和森林以實現國家糧食安全的自願指南》。

可能資料的整備:

        相關的經營單位應清楚界定、文件化並建立財產權、樹木所有權和土地佔有安排。同樣地,與森林土地相關的法律、習俗和傳統權利應被澄清、承認和尊重。

因此組織應準備以下資料:

1.        提供所有相關的土地所有權屬文件、租賃協議等。

2.        如果涉及原住民或當地社區的傳統權利,應提供相關的協議或FPIC文件。

3.        提供詳細的圖示,清楚標示出不同權利主體的土地範圍。

4.        如果存在多個權利主體,應說明組織如何處理權利衝突。

5.        如果涉及到當地社區,應提供與社區溝通協商的記錄,證明組織尊重社區的權益。

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PEFC and FSC are the two biggest names in forest certification. So, what's the difference between these two systems? Are they asking forest managers to do completely different things to get certified? Let's dive into PEFC and see what it takes to get certified:

6.3 Compliance requirements

6.3.2 Legal, customary and traditional rights related to the forest land. 

6.3.2.1 The property rights, tree ownership and land tenure arrangements shall be clearly defined, documented and established for the relevant management unit. Likewise, legal, customary and traditional rights related to the forest land shall be clarified, recognized and respected.

Note: Guidance for the handling of tenure arrangements can be obtained from the FAO Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests in the Context of National Food Security.

Preparation of possible information:

        The relevant management units should clearly define, document and establish property rights, tree ownership and land tenure arrangements. Similarly, legal, customary and traditional rights related to forest lands should be clarified, recognized and respected. Therefore, the organization should prepare the following information:

1.        Provide all relevant land ownership documents, lease agreements, etc.

2.        If the traditional rights of indigenous peoples or local communities are involved, the relevant agreements or FPIC documents should be provided.

3.        Provide detailed maps that clearly indicate the extent of land for different rights holders.

4.        If there are multiple rights holders, you should explain how your organization handles rights conflicts.

5.        If local communities are involved, a record of communication and consultation with the community should be provided to demonstrate that the organization respects the rights and interests of the community.

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